Countries in Europe Ranked by Under-5 mortality rate (2024)
Under-5 mortality rate: each country's latest value (2019–2024), ranked from highest to lowest. Source: The World Bank (CC BY 4.0).
Summary
Moldova ranks #1 with 16.5 deaths per 1,000 live births. That is 1.8 times Albania in second place (9.2 deaths per 1,000 live births). The top five are Moldova, Albania, Kosovo, Ukraine and Romania. The median across all 44 is 3.7 deaths per 1,000 live births; San Marino is last at 1.3 deaths per 1,000 live births. Moldova's figure has fallen 47% since 2000 (31.4 deaths per 1,000 live births to 16.5 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2024).
- #1
- Moldova · 16.5 deaths per 1,000 live births
- Median
- 3.7 deaths per 1,000 live births
- Coverage
- 44 countries in Europe
- Data year
- 2024
- Last updated
- 2026-11-14
Full ranking
| Rank | Country | Under-5 mortality rate (deaths per 1,000 live births) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Moldova | 16.5 |
| 2 | Albania | 9.2 |
| 3 | Kosovo | 8.7 |
| 4 | Ukraine | 7.9 |
| 5 | Romania | 7.3 |
| 6 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 6.9 |
| 7 | Slovak Republic | 6.3 |
| 8 | Bulgaria | 5.7 |
| 9 | Croatia | 5.6 |
| 10 | Serbia | 5.4 |
| 11 | Malta | 5.3 |
| 12 | Russian Federation | 5.2 |
| 13 | Cyprus | 5 |
| 14 | United Kingdom | 4.7 |
| 15 | France | 4.3 |
| 16 | Poland | 4.2 |
| 17 | Denmark | 4 |
| 18 | Switzerland | 3.9 |
| 19 | Ireland | 3.9 |
| 20 | Netherlands | 3.9 |
| 21 | Greece | 3.8 |
| 22 | Belgium | 3.7 |
| 23 | Germany | 3.7 |
| 24 | Hungary | 3.7 |
| 25 | Lithuania | 3.4 |
| 26 | Austria | 3.3 |
| 27 | Spain | 3.2 |
| 28 | Portugal | 3.2 |
| 29 | Iceland | 2.8 |
| 30 | North Macedonia | 2.8 |
| 31 | Italy | 2.7 |
| 32 | Monaco | 2.7 |
| 33 | Czechia | 2.6 |
| 34 | Andorra | 2.5 |
| 35 | Latvia | 2.5 |
| 36 | Norway | 2.5 |
| 37 | Finland | 2.4 |
| 38 | Montenegro | 2.4 |
| 39 | Sweden | 2.4 |
| 40 | Belarus | 2.3 |
| 41 | Slovenia | 2.3 |
| 42 | Luxembourg | 2.2 |
| 43 | Estonia | 2 |
| 44 | San Marino | 1.3 |
About the top 10
#1 Moldova
Moldova ranks #1 on this list with 16.5 deaths per 1,000 live births.
- Capital
- Chișinău
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- Upper middle income
- Population
- 2.36 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$20.35 billion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$8,622 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 71.3 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 43.7% of population (2025)
Also ranks #1 in real effective exchange rate index · #2 in female population share · #5 in arable land share.
#2 Albania
Albania ranks #2 on this list with 9.2 deaths per 1,000 live births.
- Capital
- Tirana
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- Upper middle income
- Population
- 2.35 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$30.54 billion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$12,998 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 79.8 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 58.9% of population (2025)
Also ranks #2 in electricity access rate · #2 in access to electricity (rural) · #11 in completion rate (lower secondary).
#3 Kosovo
Kosovo ranks #3 on this list with 8.7 deaths per 1,000 live births.
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- Upper middle income
- Population
- 1.58 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$12.46 billion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$7,899 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 78.2 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 50.9% of population (2025)
Also ranks #2 in firms using banks to finance investment share · #13 in gross capital formation rate · #32 in population ages 15-64 share.
#4 Ukraine
Ukraine ranks #4 on this list with 7.9 deaths per 1,000 live births.
- Capital
- Kyiv
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- Upper middle income
- Population
- 38.98 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$214.23 billion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$5,866 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 74.7 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 69.6% of population (2025)
Largest cities: Kyiv, Kharkiv, Odesa.
Also ranks #1 in net migration · #3 in refugee population by origin · #4 in arable land share.
#5 Romania
Romania ranks #5 on this list with 7.3 deaths per 1,000 live births.
- Capital
- Bucharest
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- High income
- Population
- 19.02 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$428.68 billion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$22,538 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 76.5 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 52.2% of population (2025)
Largest cities: Bucharest.
Also ranks #1 in alcohol consumption per capita · #8 in hospital beds per 10,000 · #13 in death rate.
#6 Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina ranks #6 on this list with 6.9 deaths per 1,000 live births.
- Capital
- Sarajevo
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- Upper middle income
- Population
- 3.14 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$32.6 billion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$10,382 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 78 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 52.7% of population (2025)
Also ranks #6 in time to start a business (days) · #7 in death rate · #11 in smoking prevalence.
#7 Slovak Republic
Slovak Republic ranks #7 on this list with 6.3 deaths per 1,000 live births.
- Capital
- Bratislava
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- High income
- Population
- 5.41 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$154.53 billion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$28,544 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 78.4 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 53.2% of population (2025)
Also ranks #13 in trade share of gdp · #16 in government revenue share of gdp · #17 in tourism arrivals.
#8 Bulgaria
Bulgaria ranks #8 on this list with 5.7 deaths per 1,000 live births.
- Capital
- Sofia
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- High income
- Population
- 6.43 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$130.78 billion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$20,328 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 75.8 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 74.2% of population (2025)
Largest cities: Sofia.
Also ranks #2 in death rate · #2 in bank branches per 100,000 adults · #6 in hospital beds per 10,000.
#9 Croatia
Croatia ranks #9 on this list with 5.6 deaths per 1,000 live births.
- Capital
- Zagreb
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- High income
- Population
- 3.88 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$105.06 billion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$27,104 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 78.9 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 57.8% of population (2025)
Also ranks #10 in population ages 65+ share · #10 in death rate · #11 in age dependency ratio (old).
#10 Serbia
Serbia ranks #10 on this list with 5.4 deaths per 1,000 live births.
- Capital
- Belgrade
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- Upper middle income
- Population
- 6.55 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$99.95 billion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$15,262 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 76 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 62.6% of population (2025)
Largest cities: City of Belgrade, Belgrade.
Also ranks #3 in death rate · #4 in smoking prevalence · #13 in age dependency ratio (old).
Profile facts: World Bank (CC BY 4.0) and Wikidata (CC0); weather links go to Purr Weather, another ChowChow Labs site.
Source and method
Under-5 mortality rate: each country's latest value (2019–2024), ranked from highest to lowest.
Source: The World Bank, indicator SH.DYN.MORT. Licence: CC BY 4.0. Retrieved: 2026-11-14.
The World Bank: Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births): UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation, UN Children's Fund (UNICEF) (via World Development Indicators)
Original data provider, as recorded by the World Bank: UN Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation, UN Children's Fund (UNICEF); World Health Organization (WHO); World Bank (WB).
Values are shown as published. Provider terms: The World Bank. All licences: Sources & licences.