Countries in Europe Ranked by CO2 emissions (total) (2024)
CO2 emissions (total): each country's latest value (2019–2024), ranked from highest to lowest. Source: The World Bank (CC BY 4.0).
Summary
Russian Federation ranks #1 with 2,009 Mt CO2e. That is 3.5 times Germany in second place (579.9 Mt CO2e). The top five are Russian Federation, Germany, Italy, United Kingdom and Poland. Together the top 10 account for 84.6% of the total across the 40 countries in Europe listed. The median across all 40 is 34 Mt CO2e; Faroe Islands is last at 0.0021 Mt CO2e. Russian Federation's figure has risen 20% since 2000 (1,681 Mt CO2e to 2,009 Mt CO2e in 2024).
- #1
- Russian Federation · 2,009 Mt CO2e
- Median
- 34 Mt CO2e
- Coverage
- 40 countries in Europe
- Data year
- 2024
- Last updated
- 2026-11-14
Russian Federation 39.8%Germany 11.5%Italy 5.9%United Kingdom 5.8%Poland 5.5%All others 31.6%
Full ranking
| Rank | Country | CO2 emissions (total) (Mt CO2e) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Russian Federation | 2,009 |
| 2 | Germany | 579.9 |
| 3 | Italy | 299.2 |
| 4 | United Kingdom | 292.4 |
| 5 | Poland | 276.1 |
| 6 | France | 274.5 |
| 7 | Spain | 220.1 |
| 8 | Netherlands | 118.8 |
| 9 | Ukraine | 118.5 |
| 10 | Belgium | 86.6 |
| 11 | Czechia | 77.7 |
| 12 | Romania | 70.9 |
| 13 | Austria | 58 |
| 14 | Belarus | 54.2 |
| 15 | Greece | 52.5 |
| 16 | Hungary | 42.6 |
| 17 | Norway | 40 |
| 18 | Sweden | 37.8 |
| 19 | Portugal | 35.6 |
| 20 | Bulgaria | 34.2 |
| 21 | Switzerland | 33.7 |
| 22 | Ireland | 32.6 |
| 23 | Finland | 31.1 |
| 24 | Slovak Republic | 29.9 |
| 25 | Denmark | 25.6 |
| 26 | Bosnia and Herzegovina | 20.4 |
| 27 | Croatia | 18.7 |
| 28 | Slovenia | 13.3 |
| 29 | Lithuania | 13 |
| 30 | Estonia | 10.6 |
| 31 | Moldova | 8.21 |
| 32 | Cyprus | 7.34 |
| 33 | North Macedonia | 7.3 |
| 34 | Luxembourg | 7.15 |
| 35 | Latvia | 6.81 |
| 36 | Albania | 4.24 |
| 37 | Iceland | 3.29 |
| 38 | Malta | 1.81 |
| 39 | Gibraltar | 0.635 |
| 40 | Faroe Islands | 0.0021 |
About the top 10
#1 Russian Federation
Russian Federation ranks #1 on this list with 2,009 Mt CO2e.
- Capital
- Moscow
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- High income
- Population
- 143.51 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$2.56 trillion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$17,547 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 73.4 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 75.3% of population (2025)
Largest cities: Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk.
Also ranks #1 in land area · #1 in surface area · #1 in forest area.
#2 Germany
Germany ranks #2 on this list with 579.9 Mt CO2e.
- Capital
- Berlin
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- High income
- Population
- 83.49 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$5.05 trillion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$60,496 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 80.8 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 82.1% of population (2025)
Largest cities: Berlin, Hamburg, Munich.
Also ranks #2 in tourism receipts · #3 in gdp (current us$) · #3 in exports of goods and services.
#3 Italy
Italy ranks #3 on this list with 299.2 Mt CO2e.
- Capital
- Rome
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- High income
- Population
- 58.92 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$2.55 trillion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$43,309 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 84 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 69.7% of population (2025)
Largest cities: Rome, Milan, Naples.
Also ranks #4 in population ages 65+ share · #5 in age dependency ratio (old) · #6 in tourism arrivals.
#4 United Kingdom
United Kingdom ranks #4 on this list with 292.4 Mt CO2e.
- Capital
- London
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- High income
- Population
- 69.49 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$4 trillion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$57,602 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 81.4 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 83.3% of population (2025)
Largest cities: London, Birmingham, Glasgow.
Also ranks #2 in government debt share of gdp · #2 in new businesses registered · #4 in exports of goods and services.
#5 Poland
Poland ranks #5 on this list with 276.1 Mt CO2e.
- Capital
- Warsaw
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- High income
- Population
- 36.44 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$1.04 trillion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$28,420 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 78.4 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 60.1% of population (2025)
Largest cities: Katowice urban area, Warsaw, Kraków.
Also ranks #2 in tourism arrivals · #7 in alcohol consumption per capita · #10 in rail lines (total km).
#6 France
France ranks #6 on this list with 274.5 Mt CO2e.
- Capital
- Paris
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- High income
- Population
- 68.72 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$3.37 trillion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$48,986 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 83 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 78.8% of population (2025)
Largest cities: Paris, Metropolis of Lyon, Bordeaux Métropole.
Also ranks #1 in tourism arrivals · #1 in account ownership (female) share · #3 in remittances received.
#7 Spain
Spain ranks #7 on this list with 220.1 Mt CO2e.
- Capital
- Madrid
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- High income
- Population
- 49.36 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$1.91 trillion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$38,627 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 83.9 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 80.5% of population (2025)
Largest cities: Madrid city, Barcelona, City of Valencia.
Also ranks #7 in female life expectancy · #7 in government debt share of gdp · #8 in tourism arrivals.
#8 Netherlands
Netherlands ranks #8 on this list with 118.8 Mt CO2e.
- Capital
- Amsterdam
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- High income
- Population
- 18.09 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$1.33 trillion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$73,684 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 82 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 95.9% of population (2025)
Also ranks #4 in fdi outflows · #5 in school enrolment (secondary) · #6 in secure internet servers per million.
#9 Ukraine
Ukraine ranks #9 on this list with 118.5 Mt CO2e.
- Capital
- Kyiv
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- Upper middle income
- Population
- 38.98 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$214.23 billion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$5,866 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 74.7 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 69.6% of population (2025)
Largest cities: Kyiv, Kharkiv, Odesa.
Also ranks #1 in net migration · #3 in refugee population by origin · #4 in arable land share.
#10 Belgium
Belgium ranks #10 on this list with 86.6 Mt CO2e.
- Capital
- Brussels
- Continent
- Europe
- Income group
- High income
- Population
- 11.94 million people (2025)
- GDP
- US$725.47 billion (2025)
- GDP per person
- US$60,750 (2025)
- Life expectancy
- 82.3 years (2024)
- Urban population
- 87.7% of population (2025)
Also ranks #2 in school enrolment (secondary) · #4 in access to clean cooking fuels · #6 in gender parity index (school enrolment).
Profile facts: World Bank (CC BY 4.0) and Wikidata (CC0); weather links go to Purr Weather, another ChowChow Labs site.
Source and method
CO2 emissions (total): each country's latest value (2019–2024), ranked from highest to lowest.
Source: The World Bank, indicator EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5. Licence: CC BY 4.0. Retrieved: 2026-11-14.
The World Bank: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e): EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission (via World Development Indicators)
Original data provider, as recorded by the World Bank: EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission; International Energy Agency (IEA).
Values are shown as published. Provider terms: The World Bank. All licences: Sources & licences.