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Countries Ranked by Scientific articles published (2023)

Scientific articles published: each country's latest value (2018–2023), ranked from highest to lowest. Source: The World Bank (CC BY 4.0).

Summary

China ranks #1 with 932,710 articles. That is 2.2 times United States in second place (430,840 articles). The top five are China, United States, India, Germany and United Kingdom. Together the top 10 account for 67.9% of the total across the 197 countries listed. The median across all 197 is 499 articles; Naoero is last at 0.13 articles. China's figure has risen 1964% since 1999 (45,192 articles to 932,710 articles in 2023).

#1
China · 932,710 articles
Median
499 articles
Coverage
197 countries
Data year
2023
Last updated
2026-11-14
Top 10: Scientific articles publishedBar chart of the top 10: 1. China 932,710; 2. United States 430,840; 3. India 228,170; 4. Germany 108,780; 5. United Kingdom 97,536; 6. Japan 96,543; 7. Russian Federation 85,558; 8. Italy 82,771; 9. Korea, Rep. 71,724; 10. Canada 63,720.China932,710United States430,840India228,170Germany108,780United Kingdom97,536Japan96,543Russian Federation85,558Italy82,771Korea, Rep.71,724Canada63,720
Top 10: Scientific articles published (articles). Bar chart of the top 10: 1. China 932,710; 2. United States 430,840; 3. India 228,170; 4. Germany 108,780; 5. United Kingdom 97,536; 6. Japan 96,543; 7. Russian Federation 85,558; 8. Italy 82,771; 9. Korea, Rep. 71,724; 10. Canada 63,720.
Scientific articles published over time, top 5China: 45,192 in 1999 to 932,710 in 2023; United States: 296,940 in 1999 to 430,840 in 2023; India: 20,838 in 1999 to 228,170 in 2023; Germany: 67,534 in 1999 to 108,780 in 2023; United Kingdom: 73,334 in 1999 to 97,536 in 2023.0233,178466,355699,533932,710199920112023ChinaUnited StatesIndiaGermanyUnited Kingdom
Scientific articles published over time, top 5 (articles). China: 45,192 in 1999 to 932,710 in 2023; United States: 296,940 in 1999 to 430,840 in 2023; India: 20,838 in 1999 to 228,170 in 2023; Germany: 67,534 in 1999 to 108,780 in 2023; United Kingdom: 73,334 in 1999 to 97,536 in 2023.
Share of the total: Scientific articles publishedChina 28.8%; United States 13.3%; India 7.0%; Germany 3.4%; United Kingdom 3.0%; All others 44.5%29%13%44%

China 28.8%United States 13.3%India 7.0%Germany 3.4%United Kingdom 3.0%All others 44.5%

Share of the total: Scientific articles published, as a share of 197 countries. China 28.8%; United States 13.3%; India 7.0%; Germany 3.4%; United Kingdom 3.0%; All others 44.5%.

Full ranking

Countries Ranked by Scientific articles published, 2023
RankCountryScientific articles published (articles)
1China932,710
2United States430,840
3India228,170
4Germany108,780
5United Kingdom97,536
6Japan96,543
7Russian Federation85,558
8Italy82,771
9Korea, Rep.71,724
10Canada63,720
11France62,180
12Spain60,304
13Brazil58,292
14Iran, Islamic Rep.55,085
15Australia54,589
16Türkiye50,180
17Indonesia38,992
18Netherlands32,207
19Poland31,218
20Saudi Arabia24,595
21Malaysia23,691
22Egypt, Arab Rep.22,854
23Switzerland22,804
24Sweden21,244
25Pakistan20,519
26Mexico18,982
27Portugal18,225
28Belgium16,816
29Iraq16,724
30Thailand16,656
31Denmark15,603
32Ukraine15,498
33South Africa14,949
34Austria13,846
35Israel13,844
36Norway13,756
37Greece13,552
38Czechia13,409
39Singapore11,894
40Finland11,224
41Romania10,713
42Viet Nam10,644
43Nigeria9,799
44Morocco9,725
45Colombia9,184
46Ireland8,720
47Argentina8,589
48Chile8,573
49Hungary8,261
50Bangladesh8,259
51New Zealand8,096
52Algeria7,677
53United Arab Emirates7,075
54Ethiopia6,728
55Croatia5,504
56Tunisia5,493
57Jordan5,419
58Slovak Republic5,332
59Peru5,242
60Serbia5,173
61Bulgaria4,998
62Philippines4,752
63Uzbekistan4,624
64Kazakhstan3,819
65Slovenia3,568
66Ecuador3,530
67Ghana3,270
68Lithuania2,673
69Qatar2,471
70Sri Lanka2,322
71Lebanon2,079
72Kenya2,079
73Cyprus1,764
74Estonia1,754
75Latvia1,736
76Oman1,640
77Nepal1,591
78Cameroon1,547
79Azerbaijan1,544
80Tanzania1,453
81Belarus1,429
82Uganda1,424
83Kuwait1,395
84Cuba1,217
85Luxembourg1,176
86Bosnia and Herzegovina1,083
87Uruguay1,060
88West Bank and Gaza861.7
89Armenia801.5
90Bahrain718.3
91Iceland716
92Costa Rica660.8
93Georgia649.6
94Syrian Arab Republic645.9
95Puerto Rico (US)604.6
96Zimbabwe519.9
97Burkina Faso519.7
98Brunei Darussalam501.5
99North Macedonia499
100Malta497.8

Showing the top 100 of 197. Premium downloads the full list as CSV or JSON.

About the top 10

#2 United States

United States ranks #2 on this list with 430,840 articles.

Capital
Washington, D.C.
Continent
North America
Income group
High income
Population
341.78 million people (2025)
GDP
US$30.77 trillion (2025)
GDP per person
US$90,027 (2025)
Life expectancy
78.9 years (2024)
Urban population
80.2% of population (2025)

Largest cities: New York metropolitan area, New York City, Chicago.

Also ranks #1 in gdp (current us$) · #1 in health expenditure per capita · #1 in imports of goods and services.

Full country profile Weather in New York (Purr Weather)

#5 United Kingdom

United Kingdom ranks #5 on this list with 97,536 articles.

Capital
London
Continent
Europe
Income group
High income
Population
69.49 million people (2025)
GDP
US$4 trillion (2025)
GDP per person
US$57,602 (2025)
Life expectancy
81.4 years (2024)
Urban population
83.3% of population (2025)

Largest cities: London, Birmingham, Glasgow.

Also ranks #2 in government debt share of gdp · #2 in new businesses registered · #4 in exports of goods and services.

Full country profile Weather in London (Purr Weather)

Profile facts: World Bank (CC BY 4.0) and Wikidata (CC0); weather links go to Purr Weather, another ChowChow Labs site.

Related rankings

Source and method

Scientific articles published: each country's latest value (2018–2023), ranked from highest to lowest.

Source: The World Bank, indicator IP.JRN.ARTC.SC. Licence: CC BY 4.0. Retrieved: 2026-11-14.

The World Bank: Scientific and technical journal articles: Science and Engineering Indicators, National Science Foundation (NSF) (via World Development Indicators)

Original data provider, as recorded by the World Bank: Science and Engineering Indicators, National Science Foundation (NSF).

Values are shown as published. Provider terms: The World Bank. All licences: Sources & licences.