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Countries Ranked by CO2 emissions (total) in 1990

CO2 emissions (total) for each country in 1990, ranked from highest to lowest. Source: The World Bank (CC BY 4.0).

Summary

In 1990, United States ranks #1 with 4,984 Mt CO2e. That is 2 times Russian Federation in second place (2,436 Mt CO2e). The top five are United States, Russian Federation, China, Japan and Germany. Together the top 10 account for 68% of the total across the 203 countries listed. The median across all 203 is 5.55 Mt CO2e; Tuvalu is last at 0 Mt CO2e.

#1
United States · 4,984 Mt CO2e
Median
5.55 Mt CO2e
Coverage
203 countries
Data year
1990
Last updated
2026-11-14
Top 10: CO2 emissions (total)Bar chart of the top 10: 1. United States 4,984; 2. Russian Federation 2,436; 3. China 2,414; 4. Japan 1,162; 5. Germany 1,013; 6. Ukraine 785.5; 7. India 600.7; 8. United Kingdom 582.6; 9. Canada 440.5; 10. Italy 426.1.United States4,984Russian Federation2,436China2,414Japan1,162Germany1,013Ukraine785.5India600.7United Kingdom582.6Canada440.5Italy426.1
Top 10: CO2 emissions (total) (Mt CO2e). Bar chart of the top 10: 1. United States 4,984; 2. Russian Federation 2,436; 3. China 2,414; 4. Japan 1,162; 5. Germany 1,013; 6. Ukraine 785.5; 7. India 600.7; 8. United Kingdom 582.6; 9. Canada 440.5; 10. Italy 426.1.
Share of the total: CO2 emissions (total)United States 22.8%; Russian Federation 11.2%; China 11.1%; Japan 5.3%; Germany 4.6%; All others 45.0%23%11%11%45%

United States 22.8%Russian Federation 11.2%China 11.1%Japan 5.3%Germany 4.6%All others 45.0%

Share of the total: CO2 emissions (total), as a share of 203 countries. United States 22.8%; Russian Federation 11.2%; China 11.1%; Japan 5.3%; Germany 4.6%; All others 45.0%.

Full ranking

Countries Ranked by CO2 emissions (total) in 1990, 1990
RankCountryCO2 emissions (total) (Mt CO2e)
1United States4,984
2Russian Federation2,436
3China2,414
4Japan1,162
5Germany1,013
6Ukraine785.5
7India600.7
8United Kingdom582.6
9Canada440.5
10Italy426.1
11France385
12Poland371.5
13South Africa314.2
14Mexico289.7
15Australia277.7
16Korea, Rep.260.2
17Kazakhstan248.6
18Spain229.5
19Brazil226.9
20Iran, Islamic Rep.208.5
21Romania187.7
22Saudi Arabia173.9
23Czechia165.5
24Netherlands164.8
25Indonesia161.8
26Türkiye155.2
27Korea, Dem. People's Rep.132
28Uzbekistan127.9
29Belgium115.8
30Belarus105.5
31Venezuela, RB102.6
32Argentina100.2
33Thailand95.4
34Egypt, Arab Rep.91.5
35Bulgaria80.1
36Greece77.9
37Nigeria75.1
38Hungary72.3
39Algeria72.2
40Iraq69.4
41Pakistan65.6
42Malaysia64.4
43Austria61.6
44Slovak Republic60.6
45Sweden57.1
46United Arab Emirates56.9
47Finland56.2
48Azerbaijan56.1
49Colombia53.2
50Denmark52.4
51Turkmenistan45.7
52Switzerland44.8
53Portugal43.9
54Philippines42.7
55Estonia40
56Cuba38.7
57Norway36.3
58Israel35.2
59Lithuania35.1
60Hong Kong SAR, China35
61Georgia34.5
62Chile33.2
63Syrian Arab Republic33
64Libya32.6
65Kuwait32.4
66Ireland32.3
67Moldova31.8
68Singapore31.6
69New Zealand25
70Bosnia and Herzegovina24.6
71Croatia24
72Kyrgyz Republic23.7
73Morocco22.5
74Peru20.8
75Armenia20.8
76Viet Nam20.6
77Latvia19.6
78Puerto Rico (US)19
79Ecuador17.6
80Zimbabwe17.4
81Qatar17
82Oman16.4
83Tunisia14.8
84Bangladesh14.8
85Slovenia14.7
86Mongolia13.1
87Trinidad and Tobago12.7
88Tajikistan12.3
89Bahrain12
90Luxembourg12
91Angola11.2
92North Macedonia11.2
93Jordan10.1
94Dominican Republic8.02
95Jamaica7.7
96Yemen, Rep.7.11
97Albania6.65
98Bolivia6.58
99Kenya6.47
100Gabon6.17

Showing the top 100 of 203. Premium downloads the full list as CSV or JSON.

About the top 10

#1 United States

United States ranks #1 on this list with 4,984 Mt CO2e.

Capital
Washington, D.C.
Continent
North America
Income group
High income
Population
341.78 million people (2025)
GDP
US$30.77 trillion (2025)
GDP per person
US$90,027 (2025)
Life expectancy
78.9 years (2024)
Urban population
80.2% of population (2025)

Largest cities: New York metropolitan area, New York City, Chicago.

Also ranks #1 in gdp (current us$) · #1 in health expenditure per capita · #1 in imports of goods and services.

Full country profile Weather in New York (Purr Weather)

#8 United Kingdom

United Kingdom ranks #8 on this list with 582.6 Mt CO2e.

Capital
London
Continent
Europe
Income group
High income
Population
69.49 million people (2025)
GDP
US$4 trillion (2025)
GDP per person
US$57,602 (2025)
Life expectancy
81.4 years (2024)
Urban population
83.3% of population (2025)

Largest cities: London, Birmingham, Glasgow.

Also ranks #2 in government debt share of gdp · #2 in new businesses registered · #4 in exports of goods and services.

Full country profile Weather in London (Purr Weather)

Profile facts: World Bank (CC BY 4.0) and Wikidata (CC0); weather links go to Purr Weather, another ChowChow Labs site.

Related rankings

Source and method

CO2 emissions (total) for each country in 1990, ranked from highest to lowest.

Source: The World Bank, indicator EN.GHG.CO2.MT.CE.AR5. Licence: CC BY 4.0. Retrieved: 2026-11-14.

The World Bank: Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions (total) excluding LULUCF (Mt CO2e): EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission (via World Development Indicators)

Original data provider, as recorded by the World Bank: EDGAR (Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research) Community GHG Database, Joint Research Centre (JRC) - European Commission; International Energy Agency (IEA).

Values are shown as published. Provider terms: The World Bank. All licences: Sources & licences.